Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.20 A hill with a name derived from the Indian language (Náhuatl) of the region of present-day Mexico, where apparitions of Mary took place in 1531. The hill’s later name, Guadalupe, refers to the site of Marian apparitions in the Spanish village of the Read more…
Bartłomiej Wołyniec Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.2 Saint of the Catholic Church (beatified in 1602, canonised in 1610), cardinal (from 1560), administrator (from 1560) and then archbishop metropolitan of Milan (from 1564), one of the main reformers of the Church in the spirit of the Council Read more…
Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.1 A town in France, located in the Île-de-France region, now in the Val-d’Oise Department, on the right bank of the Seine in the north-west of the Paris Metropolitan Area. In the Church of St Dionysius in Argenteuil, the Sacred Tunic, which is called Read more…
Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.5.4 At present referred to as The Holy Tunic of Argenteuil (French: La Sainte Tunique d’Argenteuil) or as The Seamless Tunic of Our Lord Jesus Christ (French: La Tunique sans couture de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ). The object measures 122 × 90 cm (originally about 148 Read more…
Miłosz Grygierczyk https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.5.3 (Spanish: El Sudario de Oviedo—literally, ‘the sweat cloth of Oviedo’)—also known as the Sudarium of Oviedo, the Veil of Oviedo—is a rectangular linen cloth kept in Oviedo, the capital of the Spanish region of Asturias. This cloth has approximate dimensions of 855 × 526 mm, a density Read more…
Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.14 A small town in Italy, situated between the Gran Sasso and Maiella mountain ranges in the Abruzzo region, in the province of Pescara, where a relic identified with the object described by western iconographic tradition as Veronica has been kept since 1638 in Read more…
Jan S. Jaworski University of Warsaw, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.3 The chemical studies were conducted to determine the chemical composition of the various ‘marks’ visible on the Shroud: body image, blood stains, water stains and burns. The research involved both the qualitative and quantitative determination of the content of various elements and Read more…
Wojciech Kucewicz AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.2.4 A separate problem that intrigues researchers is the age of the Shroud. Its documented history is known from 1356, when the crusader Geoffrey de Charny gave it to the canons in Read more…
Wojciech Kucewicz AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.1 In order to present such an intriguing object as the Shroud of Turin, it is necessary to organise the data collected over more than 100 years of research. The description of Read more…
Józef Naumowicz Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.12 The motif of the shroud, the linen in which the body of Jesus was wrapped before being laid in the tomb, appears in the Eucharist, which is called the Divine Liturgy, the Mass, etc., depending on the Christian denomination. This cloth Read more…