Bartłomiej Wołyniec Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.2 Saint of the Catholic Church (beatified in 1602, canonised in 1610), cardinal (from 1560), administrator (from 1560) and then archbishop metropolitan of Milan (from 1564), one of the main reformers of the Church in the spirit of the Council Read more…
Karolina Aszyk-Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.5.2 Also referred to as the Icon of Guadalupe or commonly the Virgin of Guadalupe (Spanish: Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe, Virgen de Guadalupe; English: Our Lady of Guadalupe, Virgin of Guadalupe), is an object through which Mary is Read more…
Krzysztof Pilarczyk Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.4 Sindonology deals not only with the Shroud of Turin, but also with the history of the shroud of Jesus in antiquity and the Middle Ages, and attempts to relate all this to the Shroud of Turin. The literary material featuring the topos Read more…
Krzysztof Pilarczyk Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.3 The traces on the Shroud of Turin represent a man subjected to torment and crucifixion before death. These traces must be contrasted with the Jewish burial rites that were in force at the end of the so-called Second Temple period (i.e. the Read more…
Roman Bogacz Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland Władysław Sinkiewicz Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.2 The account in the canonical gospels of Jesus’ trial, passion and death on the cross (Mattt 26:47–68; 27:1–2, 11–49; Mark 14:43–65, 15:1–37; Luke 22:39–53.63-65; 23:13–34.44–46; John 18:12–19, 37) presents the Read more…