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Filas Francis L. (1915–1985)

Jan S. Jaworski University of Warsaw, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.9 American Jesuit of Slovakian origin, professor of dogmatic theology, known internationally for his books on St Joseph and the first coin identifications of the Shroud of Turin. He was born in Cicero in the United States. At the age of 17, he Read more…

Borromeo Charles (1538–1584)

Bartłomiej Wołyniec Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.2 Saint of the Catholic Church (beatified in 1602, canonised in 1610), cardinal (from 1560), administrator (from 1560) and then archbishop metropolitan of Milan (from 1564), one of the main reformers of the Church in the spirit of the Council Read more…

Templars and the Shroud

Tomasz Graff Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.6 There are many ideas in the scholarly literature explaining what happened to the Shroud after the armies of the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople in 1204 and transported it to Athens. Some of this conjecture, based on sources from the Read more…

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