Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.7 (born 1956 in Padua, Italy), Doctor of Engineering (University of Padua, 1982), university teacher. Since 1989, he has worked at the University of Padua, currently as professor (Italian: professore associato confermato) in the Department of Industrial Engineering. One of the founders Read more…
Marcin Grala Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.12 (Old Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις)—the capital of the Byzantine Empire, now Istanbul in Turkey. Constantinople was founded by Emperor Constantine the Great (324–337) on the site of the Greek city of Byzantion, located on the Bosporus and which was a colony Read more…
Joanna Małocha Pontifical University of John Paul II, Kraków, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.IV.5 (Old Greek: ̕Ἔδεσσα, Syriac: Urhay)—a city in south-eastern Turkey; today (since 1984) it is known by its Turkish name Sanlıurfa (Glorious Urfa). Legend has it that Edessa is the first city to be founded after the biblical Flood, while Read more…
Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.5.4 At present referred to as The Holy Tunic of Argenteuil (French: La Sainte Tunique d’Argenteuil) or as The Seamless Tunic of Our Lord Jesus Christ (French: La Tunique sans couture de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ). The object measures 122 × 90 cm (originally about 148 Read more…
Karolina Aszyk-Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.5.1 Referred to nowadays as the Divine Face, Volto Santo, and earlier as the Veronica, Camulia Veil—is an object measuring 17.5 × 24 cm, woven from very thin threads, approximately 100 μm (0.1 mm) thick, with gaps between Read more…
Jan S. Jaworski University of Warsaw, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.II.3 The chemical studies were conducted to determine the chemical composition of the various ‘marks’ visible on the Shroud: body image, blood stains, water stains and burns. The research involved both the qualitative and quantitative determination of the content of various elements and Read more…
Karolina Aszyk-Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.13.2 At the end of the 1970s, the American sindonologist John P. Jackson posited that the Shroud of Turin clearly influenced the origin of many representations of Christ, especially those deriving from the Imago Pietatis canon (Latin for Read more…
Karolina Aszyk-Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland Zbigniew Treppa University of Gdansk, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.13.1 The name mandylion (Old Greek: μανδύλιον—‘towel, handkerchief, tablecloth’) refers to one of the oldest painting canons in Christian iconography. This is also how the well-known object, which is referred to as the Mandylion of Edessa due to Read more…
Józef Naumowicz Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.12.1 (Old Chruch Slavonic: плащаница, Old Greek: ἐπιτάφιος, epi-taphios, i.e. ‘over-tomb’; also: cloak, epitaphios, shroud)—a decorative cloth with a painted or embroidered image of the deceased Christ lying in the tomb, which is carried during Holy Week in a procession that represents Read more…
Józef Naumowicz Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland https://doi.org/10.12797/9788381388368.I.12 The motif of the shroud, the linen in which the body of Jesus was wrapped before being laid in the tomb, appears in the Eucharist, which is called the Divine Liturgy, the Mass, etc., depending on the Christian denomination. This cloth Read more…